Country publication: Libya

Since the fall of Muammar Gaddafi’s regime in 2011, Libya has faced political fragmentation, economic instability, and security challenges, while traditional attempts at comprehensive peace agreements have struggled to address the country’s deep divisions.

This paper advocates for an alternative approach: incremental agreements, a strategy that prioritises step-by-step solutions to build trust, cooperation, and long-term stability. By breaking down major disputes into smaller, manageable agreements, Libya can create a foundation for sustainable peace, reducing the risks associated with large-scale political settlements while allowing for adaptable and locally driven solutions.

The DOI registration ID for this publication is: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14900262

This booklet highlights the progress made by local authorities in Libya to improve governance in their administrations. It also summarises the obstacles to empowering and strengthening local governance; presents ten best practices drawn from municipalities and localities that have achieved outstanding success on the ground; and outlines what other local administrations can share with their peers across the country.

The DOI registration ID for this publication is: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12529664